Volume-5, Issue-5

   Autoimmune Thyroid Disease (AITD) is the most common thyroid condition that coexists with diabetes mellitus. Although Anti-Thyroid Peroxidase (anti-TPO) and Anti-Thyroglobulin (anti-TG) antibodies are important indicators of AITD, little is known about how they relate to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in Sudan.

   An inguinal hernia is defined as the passage through the transversalis fascia of a peritoneal diverticulum (hernial sac) that may or may not contain visceral. Repairs for groin hernias are currently performed on an outpatient basis. This concept emerged at the beginning of the 20th century.

   Biliary tract injury is a rare but serious complication of cholecystectomy that can have disastrous consequences in terms of morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs. Furthermore, these injuries have an impact on the long-term quality of life of young patients, which must be taken into consideration before any biliary repair is performed.

   Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large-Cell Lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a rare T-cell lymphoma associated with textured breast implants. Although often indolent, its nonspecific presentation can delay diagnosis and worsen prognosis.

   Multiple biliary hamartomas, known as 'Von Meyenburg Complexes' (VMCs) are rare mostly benign bile duct malformation which are found incidentally. Most patients have no symptom, non-specific clinical presentation and absent of guidelines management are challenged.

   A 24-year-old female was admitted to the hospital due to muscle soreness in the limbs, retrosternal pain, and difficulty swallowing for over 50 days. Upon admission, physical examination revealed proximal muscle strength of level 3 in both upper limbs and level 5 in distal muscles.

   Perforation of the myocardium due to a sewing needle, although rare, is fatal; especially in children as the event poses diagnostic and treatment challenges. Therefore, we present a case of a 5-year-old female child with accidental injury caused by sewing needle that entered the myocardium.

   Herpes zoster is caused by reactivation of latent varicella-zoster virus and typically presents with a painful, vesicular rash along a dermatomal distribution. Involvement of the trigeminal nerve, particularly the maxillary branch.

   To evaluate the adjunctive treatment efficacy of Piracetam in a case of Ethambutol-Induced Optic Neuropathy (EON). Off-label treatment trial of a clinical case report of a 38-year-old female patient presenting with rapidly progressive bilateral vision loss.

   Caroli's disease, type V according to Todani's classification, is a rare condition characterized by non-obstructive cystic dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts. We present a successfully managed surgical case treated with II-III bisegmentectomy.

   Suxiao Jiuxin Pills are commonly used in clinical practice to improve myocardial ischemia and relieve angina pectoris and other symptoms in patients with coronary heart disease. At the same time, research on its mechanism of action mainly involves vasodilation.

   Fulminant myocarditis is a rare and life-threatening condition characterized by rapid hemodynamic deterioration and severe ventricular dysfunction. This report details a 33-year-old female with high-grade fever, syncope, and progression to complete heart block and ventricular arrhythmias.

   Chimerism, characterized by the presence of genetically distinct cells within a single organism, represents a captivating aspect of insect genetics. This study delves into the intricate mechanisms and evolutionary implications of chimerism in insects.

   A 59-year-old man presented with vertical binocular diplopia following left vitrectomy Epiretinal Membrane (ERM) peeling, cryotherapy to a longstanding superior retinal tear and air tamponade. The unaided visual acuity OS was 6/9 (Snellen).

    The rainy season offers a refreshing break from the scorching heat summer, but it also brings a rise in illnesses due to damp conditions, stagnant water, and poor hygiene. These factors create the deal breeding grounds for bacteria, viruses, and mosquitoes.